Liquid crystal was discovered by the Austrian botanist Fredreich
Rheinizer in 1888. "Liquid crystal" is neither solid nor
liquid (an example is soapy water). In the mid-1960s, scientists
showed that liquid crystals when stimulated by an external
electrical charge could change the properties of light passing
through the crystals. The early prototypes (late 1960s) were too
unstable for mass production. But all of that changed when a
British researcher proposed a stable, liquid crystal material
(biphenyl). Today's color LCD TVs and LCD Monitors have a
sandwich-like structure .